It has been argued that children who possess an advanced theory of mind (ToM) are viewed positively by their peers, but the empirical findings are mixed. This meta-analysis of 20 studies including 2,096 children (aged from 2 years, 8 months to 10 years) revealed a significant overall association (r = 0.19) indicating that children with higher ToM scores were also more popular in their peer group. The effect did not vary with age. The effect was weaker for boys (r = 0.12) compared to girls (r = 0.30). ToM was more strongly associated with popularity (r = 0.23) than with rejection (r = 0.13). These findings confirm that ToM development has significant implications for children's peer relationships.