In this article, the author states that there are selected issues in mathematics instruction that educators should be well aware of when planning lessons and units of study. These issues provide a basis for thought and discussion when assisting pupils to attain more optimally. Purposeful studying of issues guides mathematics teachers in emphasizing what is relevant in the curriculum. Meaning in the mathematics curriculum is salient in that pupils must be able to explain "why" an operation was performed in a mathematical situation. Rigor needs to be stressed so that each pupil works toward optimal achievement and performs as mathematicians do in their profession.