In a diverse and unjust world, teachers experience difficulties to achieve inclusive education. In parts of the western world, including the Netherlands, the very possibility of a combination of ethnic and cultural diversity and common citizenship has come into question. Meanwhile some youngsters are in the process of radicalisation. We illustrate the problem definitions of teachers and teacher trainers with a case study of a professional learning activity in Amsterdam. This is followed by a critical discussion based on a pedagogical view on education.