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ERIC Number: EJ1020122
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2013-Dec
Pages: 8
Abstractor: ERIC
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1073-5836
EISSN: N/A
The Distributive Property: The Core of Multiplication
Kinzer, Cathy J.; Stanford, Ted
Teaching Children Mathematics, v20 n5 p302-309 Dec 2013
This article presents a sequence of learning activities that lead to using the area model of multiplication to understand the distributive property (DP). The connection between area and multiplication is an important one, both for algebraic thinking and for geometry, as indicated in two of the critical areas for the third grade in the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics: (1) Students develop an understanding of the meanings of multiplication and division of whole numbers through activities and problems involving equal-size groups, arrays, and area models; and (2) Students recognize area as an attribute of two-dimensional regions....By decomposing rectangles into rectangular arrays of squares, students connect area to multiplication. This article explains the DP for teacher reference, then describes the five steps of pre-K to grade 3 learning progression necessary in understanding multiplication,. The five steps are: (1) Decomposing small numbers; (2) Fluent mental addition of a one- and a two-digit number; (3) Connecting area and addition; (4) Connecting area and multiplication; and (5) Use the area model and the DP to make connections between multiplication problems. The article then presents five corresponding learning activities that illustrate the steps of the learning progression through games and drawing activities to build and deepen understanding.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. 1906 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191-1502. Tel: 800-235-7566; Tel: 703-620-3702; Fax: 703-476-2970; e-mail: orders@nctm.org; Web site: http://www.nctm.org/publications/
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: Elementary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A