ERIC Number: EJ1014565
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2013-May
Pages: 4
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0021-9584
EISSN: N/A
The H[subscript 3]PO[subscript 4] Acid Ionization Reactions: A Capstone Multiconcept Thermodynamics General Chemistry Laboratory Exercise
Nyasulu, Frazier; Barlag, Rebecca; Wise, Lindy; McMills, Lauren
Journal of Chemical Education, v90 n5 p642-645 May 2013
The thermodynamic properties of weak acid ionization reactions are determined. The thermodynamic properties are corresponding values of the absolute temperature (T), the weak acid equilibrium constant (K[subscript a]), the enthalpy of ionization (delta[subscript i]H[degrees]), and the entropy of ionization (delta[subscript i]S[degrees]). The enthalpy of ionization (delta[subscript i]H[degrees]) is determined from the enthalpy of neutralization of HCl(aq) and the enthalpy of neutralization of the weak acid by application of Hess's law; NaOH(aq) is the base. A datalogger and a temperature sensor (plus or minus 0.01 [degrees Celcius] sensitivity) are used to measure and plot the thermograms of the reactions. The calorimeter constant (C[subscript Cal) is determined by electrical heating of the post-reaction solution; procedure takes 10-20 s for each C[subscript Cal] determination. With NaOH(aq) as the limiting reagent, the post-reaction solutions consist of a weak acid and corresponding conjugate base allowing K[subscript a] to be determined from the measured pH of these solutions. The values of T, K[subscript a], and delta[subscript i]H[degrees] are used to calculate delta[subscript i]S[degrees] according to the equation: delta[subscript i]G[degrees] = -RT ln Ka = delta[subscript i]H[degrees] - Tdelta[subscript i]S[degrees]. The choice of H[subscript 3]PO[subscript 4](aq), a triprotic weak acid, provides an opportunity for students to predict and explain expected trends in K[subscript a], delta[subscript i]H[degrees], and delta[subscript i]S[degrees] prior to their determination. The multiconcept nature of this lab exercise makes it an ideal capstone laboratory exercise in general chemistry. (Contains 1 figure and 2 tables.)
Descriptors: Chemistry, Science Instruction, Science Laboratories, College Science, Hands on Science, Thermodynamics, Heat, Scientific Concepts, Molecular Structure
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A