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ERIC Number: ED628263
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 2023-Feb-7
Pages: 24
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
Available Date: N/A
Flow with an Intelligent Tutor: A Latent Variable Modeling Approach to Tracking Flow during Artificial Tutoring
Hyeon-Ah Kang; Adam Sales; Tiffany A. Whittaker
Grantee Submission
Increasing use of intelligent tutoring systems in education calls for analytic methods that can unravel students' learning behaviors. In this study, we explore a latent variable modeling approach for tracking learning flow during computer-interactive artificial tutoring. The study considers three models that give discrete profiles of a latent process: the (i) latent class model, (ii) latent transition model, and (iii) hidden Markov model. We illustrate application of each model using example log data from Cognitive Tutor Algebra I and suggest analytic procedures of drawing learning flow. Through experimental application, we show that the models can reveal substantive information about students' learning behaviors and have potential utility for describing the learning flow. The models differed in the assumptions and data constraints but yielded consistent findings on the flow states and interaction modalities. Based on our experiential analyses, we discuss strengths and limitations of the models and illuminate areas of future development. [This is the online version of an article published in "Behavior Research Methods."]
Publication Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Authoring Institution: N/A
IES Funded: Yes
Grant or Contract Numbers: R305D210036
Author Affiliations: N/A