The paradigm has changed from the static transmitted contents to knowledge that is ever renewable and often construed jointly with other learners (Niemi, 2008, p. 12) in a changing multicultural environment. Aim of the research is to analyze efficiency of the process of teaching and learning content applied to enhance students' knowledge in language education. The analysis involves a process of analyzing the meaning of the key concepts "teaching" and "learning content" and "peer-learning content." Moreover, the study demonstrates how the key concepts are related to the idea of "efficiency." The qualitative evaluation research has been used. The sample involved 75 master students of Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, Latvia, in 2008-2009. The students' communicative competence was a criterion of efficiency of the process of teaching and learning content. Descriptive statistics was implemented for primary data analysis. Secondary data processing included test reliability. The findings of the research allow drawing conclusions on efficiency of the process of teaching and learning content for the improvement of students' knowledge. Directions of further research are elaborated. (Contains 7 figures.)