A comparative study was made on the education systems of Turkey, a developing country, and Canada, a developed country with a comparatively high living standard and successful education systems. While education is governed at the national level in Turkey, it is the individual responsibility of the governments of the ten provinces and the territories in Canada. Consequently, for purposes of this study, the education system of the province of Ontario was chosen as representative of Canada as a whole. Comparisons were made of general goals, system administration and school structure. The systems were compared by documentation in tabular form. Their differences were clearly greater than their similarities in each of the categories examined. (Contains 6 tables.)