If given the opportunity, what would you do to transform America's schools into a world-class, twenty-first-century education system? An intriguing challenge, right? Now imagine that there is one condition: you must retain existing job descriptions, governance arrangements, management, compensation structures, licensure requirements, and calendars. Unfortunately, that recipe for failure is a pretty fair depiction of the last few decades of school reform. Would-be reformers take it on faith that parents, policymakers, and voters understand that the world has changed and that it is important to transform our schools accordingly. Indeed, assumptions that change will be enthusiastically supported have yielded a situation where meaningful reform is never achieved. This "Outlook", based on Frederick M. Hess's latest book, "The Same Thing Over and Over: How School Reformers Get Stuck in Yesterday's Ideas", explains why we need to rethink our ways of teaching and schooling and what real reform might look like. (Contains 10 notes.)