While the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) has conducted surveys of attrition and mobility among school teachers for two decades, little was known about similar movements among school principals. In order to inform discussions and decisions among policymakers, researchers, and parents, the 2008-09 Principal Follow-up Survey (PFS) was initiated as a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Collected in school year 2008-09, the PFS was designed as a component of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) and was sponsored by NCES of the Institute of Education Sciences within the U.S. Department of Education. Conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, data collection for the 2008-09 PFS began in March 2009, when paper questionnaires were mailed to schools, and ended in June 2009. Although the collection contained a telephone follow-up, the information was collected primarily through the following mailed questionnaires: the Principal Status Form for Public Schools (form SASS-30A) and the School Head/Principal Status Form for Private Schools (form SASS-30B). The 2008-09 PFS assessed how many school principals in the 2007-08 school year still worked as a principal in the same school in the 2008-09 school year, how many had moved to become a principal in another school, and how many had left the principalship altogether. Schools that returned the 2007-08 SASS principal questionnaires were included in the PFS sample. The sample included about 7,460 public schools, 130 BIE schools, and 1,890 private schools. The unit response rates varied from 97 percent for private schools to 99 percent for public and BIE schools. Appendix table B-2 contains the unit and overall response rates for each of the PFS and SASS public, private, and BIE principal surveys. More information about the data files can be found in appendix B. The PFS questionnaires can be found in the appendix D. Because the purpose of this report is to introduce new NCES data through the presentation of tables containing descriptive information, only selected findings are presented. These findings have been chosen to demonstrate the range of information available from the PFS rather than to discuss all of the observed differences; they are not meant to emphasize any particular issue. Appendices include: (1) Standard Error Tables; (2) Methodology and Technical Notes; (3) Description of Variables; and (4) 2008-09 Principal Status Forms. (Contains 25 tables and 6 footnotes.