"Evaluation Science Briefs" summarize the findings and implications of a recent study evaluating the effects of an early childhood program or environment. This Brief evaluates the study "Early Intervention in Low Birthweight Premature Infants: Results at 18 Years of Age for the Infant Health and Development Program (IHDP)" (M.C. McCormick, J. Brooks-Gunn, S.L. Buka, et al.). The study demonstrates that long-term cognitive and behavioral impacts from an infant-toddler program are possible. It illustrates that positive impacts of an early childhood education program for low-birthweight infants and toddlers can be sustained until young adulthood. The study also illustrates positive, long-term effects are possible when an infant-toddler intervention is implemented in multiple sites, an important finding given that it is sometimes difficult to successfully implement demonstration projects across multiple and diverse communities.