Citizenship education is an important part of the development of young adults, enabling them to learn about their rights and responsibilities, and to understand how society works and decisions are made. Like citizenship, action research is about having a positive effect on the quality of people's lives. It is about seeking improvement both for the individual and for public and political reasons. As a form of practical enquiry it involves skills in planning, observing, reflecting and acting. Citizenship issues are usually bound up with the values of those involved, and it is easy to dismiss the views of others when you don't agree with their values, creating a potential for conflict. This pack describes the skills and associated knowledge needed to carry out action research in a citizenship context and support the development and application of these skills. It can be used by staff with learners, or by learners engaged in training their peers. A list of resources is also included. [This document is part of a series of support materials produced by the Post-16 Citizenship Support Programme. The programme is funded by the Quality Improvement Agency (QIA) and delivered by the Learning and Skills Network (LSN).]