This study examined the extent to which community colleges and technical schools are involved in remedial education and workforce training efforts as well as academic preparation activities; how state and federal funding support these academic and training efforts; and what is known about schools' efforts to measure outcomes, including the rates at which students graduate, transfer to four-year institutions, pass occupational licensing exams, and gain employment. The scope of the review included a Web-based survey of 1,070 public community colleges and technical schools, 758 (71 percent) of which completed the survey. Survey data were supplemented with in-depth information from state officials and community colleges and technical schools in Florida, North Carolina, Texas, and Washington. Two or more schools from each state were examined. Results indicated that the majority of community colleges and technical schools are offering a broad spectrum of academic and training programs--everything from traditional courses for degree-seeking students to remedial education and contract training customized for individual employers. In addition, 61 percent of schools offer noncredit occupational, professional, or technical training. States provide the greatest share of funding for public community colleges. Most community colleges and technical schools track some education and employment outcomes for their students, but differences in state reporting requirements preclude aggregating these outcomes nationally. More than half of students enrolled in remedial and three types of basic skills courses completed them successfully. Two appendixes present the study objectives, scope, and methodology and GAO contacts and staff acknowledgements.