This booklet provides an introduction to project-based instruction, explaining the research-based rationale for using the approach and outlining how the approach can increase students' engagement and knowledge retention. It offers guidelines for planning and implementing projects and includes a checklist of important things to keep in mind when developing appropriate projects. Assessment considerations, potential pitfalls, and ways to avoid pitfalls are also discussed. The chapters are as follows: "What is Project-Based Instruction?"; "Benefits of Project-Based Instruction"; "Implementing Project-Based Instruction" (essentials for structuring projects effectively, project ideas, what to watch for, and avoiding pitfalls); "Assessment of Project Work" (e.g., purpose of the assessment, identify instructional goals and outcomes to develop appropriate assessments, selecting assessment tasks, student self-assessment, and project assessment); "Professional Development for Teachers" (skills of an effective coach); "Conclusion"; "Northwest Sampler" (case studies from five schools); and "Online Resources for Project Ideas." (Contains 37 references.) (SM)