This document highlights key moments in the history of science chosen for their national impact and for the insight they provide on the values and principles that guide the inner workings of the National Science Board (NSB) in its governance of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and its role in national policy. This brochure takes a walk through the history of the board from the 1950s through the 1990s. Highlights include peace and the cold war, setting terms for academic science, strengthening White House science policy, the Mansfield amendment, K-12 and undergraduate education, and the frontier of information technology. Former members of the board and executive secretaries and officers are also listed. (SAH)