The outcomes and impacts of adult literacy education in the United States were examined through a qualitative assessment of the pertinent research conducted since the late 1960s. A comprehensive literature search identified approximately 115 outcomes and impacts studies. Of the 68 studies found to have an outcomes component, the 23 most credible ones were selected and case studies were prepared for each. It was concluded that participation in adult literacy education most likely results in employment and earnings gains and has a positive influence on participants' continued education. Although the evidence suggested that participants in welfare-sponsored adult literacy education do experience a reduction in welfare dependence, the evidence as to whether adult literacy education in general reduces welfare dependence for participants was inconclusive. In general, adult literacy education had positive impacts on high school equivalency certificate acquisition, participants' self-image, parents' involvement in their children's education, and learners' achievement of their personal goals. It was recommended that a system consisting of the following elements be developed to measure the outcomes and impacts of adult literacy: national outcome and impact reporting system, national longitudinal evaluation, and systematic funding and improvement of state and local outcome studies. (Contains 90 references.) (MN)