To examine new approaches to drug law enforcement, this report presents a number of police programs that emphasize prevention of drug use or disruption of drug transactions. The report is based on extensive interviews with police chiefs and officers, criminologists, criminal justice management consultants, U.S. Department of Justice personnel, and community coalitions, drawing on the experiences of more than 50 police departments across the United States. Few of these new programs have been evaluated, and there is an urgent need to assess their effectiveness before they are replicated. The report also describes measures that have helped police departments and communities cooperate in developing programs that reach beyond the framework of traditional policing. The following chapters are included: (1) "Introduction"; (2) "The Drug Problem"; (3) "Police Response to the Drug Problem"; (4) "Community Response to the Drug Problem"; (5) "Current Police Approaches: Back to the Beat"; (6) "Drug Control Costs and Federal Police Assistance"; (7) "Future Directions"; and (8) "Methodology." Appendixes include tables of federal assistance to drug control programs and selected findings from a survey of police chiefs. (Contains 2 tables and 36 references.) (SLD)