This framework provides an overview of the emerging literature on the gender gap in science. It seeks to contribute to the growing body of research emphasizing factors that have been shown to enhance women's ways of knowing; thereby transcending gender stereotypes in science. The theoretical and research bases of gender issues in science are outlined and a framework for analyzing research findings within the contexts of individual, community, family, and school is presented. Implications for improvement of educational practice and policy development are drawn and collaborative roles for educators, parents, schools, and community members are suggested. Contains 88 references. (Author)