This paper emphasizes the historical and philosophical roots of science and technology. It addresses questions about the origins of science with its emphasis on knowing, understanding, and explaining aspects of the human world and the origins of technology with its focus on using materials and tools to design and make artifacts of value. A case study of a single technological artifact is used to illustrate the argument that technology is not simply applied science, that the relationship between the two fields is complex, and its nature has changed over the course of history. It is argued that technological knowledge is necessary for the growth of subsequent scientific knowledge. (JRH)