In response to congressional approaches to welfare reform, this report describes a study of the extent to which child care needs of welfare recipients in the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills (JOBS) program are currently being met, whether any barriers exist to meeting the child care needs of JOBS participants, the effects of child care subsidies on former welfare recipients' move toward self-sufficiency, and the potential implications of welfare reform for child care availability and continuity. The study is based on a nationally representative telephone survey of 411 local JOBS programs, as well as in-depth site visits at 12 programs. The study found that while most JOBS programs report providing child care assistance, participation was limited by lack of available funds and Family Support Act regulations. It also found that child care-related barriers could delay welfare-to-work transitions, and that inadequate postwelfare child care subsidies challenged JOBS participants' self-sufficiency. Six appendices include survey results, child care expenditures for 1994 in seven states, and child care-related barriers encountered by some JOBS participants. (MDM)