This paper first examines gender-related barriers in occupational choice and educational practice and then discusses gender issues as they relate to classroom instruction. The shortage of women in educational administration is addressed, noting two main types of barriers--role discrimination and access discrimination. The historical antecedents of beliefs about occupations suitable for men and women are reviewed. Recommendations for eliminating barriers for women seeking administrative appointments are offered. The second part of the paper considers how girls are shortchanged by the school system. Research is cited showing that girls are subjected to gender bias as reflected in differential treatment during instruction as well as sexual harassment from boys. Teacher attitudes and stereotyping of female students' abilities are also documented. The paper concludes, first, that changes in hiring practices and attitudes are necessary to make administration more accessible to women and, second, that changes in school practices are necessary to make the classroom climate a friendlier one for girls. Schools are urged not to tolerate sexually harassing behaviors among students. (Contains 32 references.) (DB)