This text presents basic principles of applying curriculum-based assessment (CBA) to the evaluation of and instruction of students with disabilities. Throughout the book, the mnemonic APPLY is used as an organizing method for teachers to develop and use CBA. APPLY stands for: (1) analyze the curriculum, (2) prepare items to match curriculum objectives, (3) probe frequently, (4) load data using a graph format, and (5) yield to results--revise. The first chapter presents an overview of CBA, comparing it to traditional assessment and other trends in assessment. The second chapter presents the APPLY mnemonic and other aids to help teachers get started with CBA. The remaining chapters apply CBA to specific subject areas and usually discuss alternative forms of assessment, ways to implement the APPLY framework to the specific area, suggestions for record-keeping, and examples and case studies. Specific subject areas addressed are basic skills in reading, reading comprehension, written language, mathematics, social studies, science, and school survival and social skills. A glossary is provided. Appendices offer sample probes, data collection sheets, and graphs. (Contains approximately 225 references.) (DB)