A study of magnet schools revealed that they have become a significant part of the nation's efforts to desegregate schools. Most magnet schools are in urban areas and offer a distinctive curriculum. School districts began employing magnet schools in the 1970s to help desegregate schools. The federal government has assisted magnet schools with funding. This report is designed to study magnet schools, their role in desegregation, and their impact on educational achievement. Telephone interviews were conducted with educators at 600 school districts nationwide. The study revealed that magnet schools are increasing in number and attracting more students, including minority students and students from outside the school's immediate area. They offer a wide range of distinctive programs. Many magnet schools use money from the federal Magnet Schools Assistance Program to help set up and maintain their programs. This report contains six sections: an introduction, the growth of magnet school programs, implementation of magnet schools and magnet programs, federal support for magnet programs, nonmagnet schools and programs of choice, summary of findings and directions for further research. Appendices A-C include study samples, data, and detailed tables as well as the survey instruments. A glossary is also included. (Contains 15 references.) (JPT)