The Task Group on Gender-Focused Research was established to raise awareness and interest in gender as a variable in addictions research at the Addiction Research Foundation (ARF) in Ontario (Canada). Recognizing that much of the research on substance abuse has focused on males, the Task Group was charged with providing a basis for the development of research and program plans related to gender issues, and operated under a dual mandate: (1) consider the needs and opportunities in gender-focused research within the scope of ARF's purpose, including, but not limited to, research on alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and problems in female populations; and (2) examine the relative priority of different lines of research for ARF. The investigation into gender biases in existing research revealed a strong male focus in research. Some ways suggested to correct this slant include using research samples that include both sexes, studying women specifically, and not generalizing results to both sexes with a unisexual sample. For the topic of gender issues in selected areas of research, an examination was made of epidemiology, including patterns of use and the health and social consequences of use; gender roles and interactions; prevention; biological research; and treatment modalities and treatment systems. Each section of the report profiles opportunities for research at ARF and recommendations on gender-based research and research methodology at ARF are elaborated at the conclusion. Four appendices list research questions, current policies on gender research, and other information. (Contains 87 references.) (RJM)