This paper examines the current status of U.S. children's mental health and its impact on children's ability to learn. It notes the incidence of mental disorders in children, risk factors predisposing children to mental disorders, and symptoms of children with serious emotional disturbances. It explores the school-based and community-based services available to address children's mental health needs and suggests policy and action steps to improve the provision, availability, and accessibility of these services. The paper describes several models of collaboration among schools, community agencies, professionals, and parents. These models work to both treat and prevent mental health problems. Recommendations are offered in the areas of training, staffing, legislation, advocacy, and coalitions. The paper concludes with an annotated list of four organizational resources. (Contains 12 references.) (JDD)