Current research on school effectiveness concludes that differences among schools affect students' academic achievement. An important characteristic of effective schools is providing a safe and secure environment. An example of programs that address this issue are peer mediation or conflict resolution programs. These programs require the combined efforts and training of administration, teachers, students, and parents in providing a safe and secure learning environment. Research demonstrates that these programs positively affect mediators' attitudes toward conflicts and have a positive impact on student mediators' self-image, problem-solving skills, sensitivity to others, and leadership skills. In addition, these programs have a positive influence on the general school climate, the number of fights and violent incidents, teachers' attitudes toward conflict, and the amount of instructional time in the classroom. Five elements usually found in school mediation programs are: (1) say what happened and how you feel without blaming; (2) listen to the other person; (3) say what you want from the other person; (4) think together about possible solutions; and (5) mutually agree to a solution. Two case studies describe the positive results of school mediation programs and illustrate the use of rewards to promote good student behavior. (LP)