The amount and type of household responsibility expected of African-American children continues to be overlooked in the literature. This study examined the relationship between familial structure and the amount and type of assigned child household duties. Data was obtained from a subset utilized in the National Survey of Family Household data, collected between March 1987 and May 1988. Analyses were limited to African-American families (N=235) who had children aged 19 and younger and who reported having children doing household chores. The analysis indicated at least four components of familial structure that appear to be important predictors of child household responsibility. The presence of more children and having older children were indicative of increased household responsibility. Gender effects were significant for one household chore, dishwashing, with daughters in these families spending a disproportionate amount of time on this task; otherwise, evidence of gender typing was found to a much lesser degree than in past investigations excluding African Americans. This may be an indication that African-American families are more egalitarian in their attitudes not only regarding household tasks but also in their socialization of boys and girls. Contrary to previous findings, marital status did not impact child household duties. However, because single-parent households are so prominent they may be starting to resemble and function as dual-parent households. Failure to find a significant relationship between either number of adults or income level and child household duties was also unexpected. (ABL)