This document presents the agreements on principles and goals for mathematics assessment reached at a meeting of persons representing various math education, public policy, business and industry and parent and community constituencies held at the National Academy of Sciences in spring, 1991. Sections of the document lay the groundwork for the establishment of the principles and goals by discussing the need for assessment reform in mathematics education, how assessment enhances the learning and teaching of mathematics, strategies for change, the vision of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics described in "Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics," and the challenge for world-class mathematics education as presented by mathematics and education professor Shirley Hill and President George Bush. The following are principles agreed upon at the meeting: (1) the primary purpose of assessment is to improve learning and teaching; (2) the primary use of results of assessments is to promote the development of the talents of all people; and (3) the content of assessment is derived from the consensus of the discipline. The meeting set forth the following goals for the mathematics assessment of all students to be reached by the year 2000: (a) assessment aligned with needed mathematical knowledge, skills and processes; (b) assessment practices to promote the development of mathematical power; (c) effective assessment based on a variety of methods; (d) utilization of adequate accountability systems; (e) development of guidelines for judging the quality of mathematics assessments; (f) teacher and administrator proficiency in using a wide variety of assessment methods; and (g) a public informed about assessments and assessment practices. A list of participants is provided. (MDH)