A decade-long federal disinvestment in public education has hurt the quality of education and the quality of life for millions of American youth. The nation's economic and social conditions reflect the damage wreaked by this neglect. Recent years have seen increasingly troubled schoolchildren, crumbling school infrastructure, teacher attrition, and inadequate textbook and equipment budgets. The United States' commitment to provide educational opportunity must be adequate and consistent if the nation is to thrive. The limited federal resources available for developmental preschool education, bilingual education, programs for learning or physically disabled students, and postsecondary student aid force local school officials to make difficult decisions regarding who is served. This report argues for a reversal of federal financial neglect of education, highlighting states' growing inability to foot the education bill, and presenting charts that estimate the cost of providing adequate resources to serve all eligible students in needs-based programs. Funding charts showing state apportionments are included for Chapter 1 compensatory education programs, education block grants, impact aid, bilingual education, disabilities education, vocational education, adult education, mathematics and science teacher education, Pell grants for postsecondary student aid, school lunch child nutrition programs, and the supplemental feeding program for women, infants, and children. (MLH)