This study investigated the relations between different measurements of 33 4-year-olds' compliance and self-control and the relation between the children's cognitive ability and compliance and self-control. The four compliance ratings involved the child's behavior with mother and father in separate puzzle tasks, free play in the child care setting, and the California Q-Set as completed by the mother. The self-control ratings involved the child's behavior in laboratory and child care settings. Cognitive functioning was measured by means of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Maternal Q-Sort assessment of compliance was marginally related to compliance in the child care setting, while self-control in the laboratory was marginally related to compliance and self-control in the child care setting. The child's level of cognitive functioning was related to compliance in the puzzle task with the mother, while self-control in child care was related to compliance in child care. The lack of relations between compliance with parents and other measures suggests that compliance and self-control in one situation cannot predict behaviors in situations involving different relationships and constraints. A reference list of 10 items is provided. (BC)