As agencies and programs serving individuals with developmental disabilities are called upon to serve a new population of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, they will be forced to confront complex legal questions. This paper discusses the legal frameworks in which individuals with HIV infection are considered eligible for developmental services. Legal cases and statutory frameworks which serve as the basis for disability policy are summarized. The legal implications of HIV infection for service providers are discussed, focusing on access to services, education, child welfare and residential services, segregation of services, HIV testing, informed consent, confidentiality, records, duty to warn, and liability. (JDD)