This guide describes the various hardware and software components needed for computer-to-computer communications in nontechnical language and provides guidelines for selecting an appropriate communications package for a microcomputer. Hardware components discussed include both internal and external modems and the advantages and disadvantages of each type; the various features of modems that should be considered by a potential purchaser, including baud rate, auto dial/auto answer, synchronous and asynchronous operation, auditory/visual monitoring, buffer, and intelligence; dumb and smart terminals and their capacities; and the microcomputer as a device for communications activities. Software features to be considered are also identified and explained, including configuration, baud rate, data bits, parity, online telephone directories and dialing, ease of use, downloading, and support for the "host" or auto-answer mode. A glossary of relevant computer terms is provided and 10 journal articles and one book are suggested for further reading. (RP)