A study was conducted to determine the net impact of Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) training. (A measure of net impact expresses only those gains due to training and not those due to other reasons.) Job Service applicants were chosen as a comparison group whose recent labor market experiences would parallel those of JTPA participants. All results were positive. For men who participated in JTPA in 1983-84, the estimated effect of training was an additional $1,400 earned during 1985. It appeared likely that the benefit persisted in 1986. For white women, the estimated effect of training was an additional $1,000 earned in 1985. A separate estimate of the impact on earnings was made for recipients of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC). For them, the effect was an additional $1,200 in 1985 earnings. Because their initial earnings were so low, this amounted to approximately 100 percent of 1979 income. The reduction in AFDC grant amounts attributable to training was another measure of impact used. Twelve months after enrollment, AFDC recipients who participated in training were 86 percent more likely not to be receiving assistance than were their counterparts who did not participate. (YLB)