Findings of a national survey of remedial studies in two- and four-year colleges are presented. Data were reported for the 1983-1984 academic year. The study focused on providing estimates of the: number and type of remedial courses offered; percent of freshmen needing and taking courses; changes in enrollment; program characteristics such as type of credit and requirement status; and program outcome as measured by course completion, retention, and self-evaluation. Remedial studies were defined as any program, course, or other activity for students lacking the necessary skills to perform college-level work required by the institution. Data are presented in the following categories: all institutions, and institutions classified by type (two-year, four-year), control (public, private), admission criteria, geographic region, size, and minority status. Estimates are weighted to produce national estimates. Estimates of percent of students needing, enrolled in, and completing remedial courses, and percent of student retained, are weighted by total first year enrollment. All other estimates are per school not per student. Appendices provide information on the Fast Response Survey System of the National Center for Education Statistics, the survey methodology, and standard errors of statistics. The questionnaire is included. (SW)