Data on Ph.D. productivity during 1951-1980 for all accredited institutions are presented, along with a narrative summary. Productivity ratios were computed by dividing the average number of Ph.D.s conferred per year (1951-1980) by the average number of bachelor's degrees conferred per year (1946-1976) for each institution. Liberal arts colleges constitute about half of the most productive institutions. Very large proportions of undergraduates at the California Institute of Technology and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology earned Ph.D.s. For science Ph.D.s, the leading technical institutions were highly productive in Ph.D. production, along with a significant number of liberal arts colleges. Liberal arts colleges that were high in science Ph.D. productivity (Reed College, Haverford College, Swarthmore College, and Oberlin College) are also among the most productive in the humanities. Data are also provided on the productivity of certain women's colleges, variation in productivity across Ph.D. fields, Ph.D. productivity adjusted for institutional size, the geographic distribution of highly productive institutions, and productivity for each of the Ph.D. fields for several groups of colleges (the Seven Sisters colleges, the Big Ten universities, and the Ivy League universities). (SW)