This document, divided into five chapters, describes and analyzes the role of Hispanics in American history. Chapter 1 presents an historical overview of Hispanic immigration to the United States, focusing separately on four groups: Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, and other Hispanics. Chapter 2 discusses the contributions of Hispanic immigrants to American government, learning, and culture. The benefits of immigration are discussed generally, and profiles of notable Hispanics are presented. Chapter 3 describes how United States immigration policy has been affected by racism and xenophobia. Historically, Americans have been ambivalent about immigration, cherishing their immigrant heritage yet fearing new immigration, and a combination of quota systems, false rhetoric, and economic considerations have stimulated policies inconsistent with democratic ideals. The chapter also discusses the nature of "acculturation" in American society and focuses on Hispanic acculturation in particular. Chapter 4 identifies recurring themes in Federal immigration policy and reviews recent policy proposals. It is noted that immigration laws today affect Hispanics more than any other group, and recommendations are made for immigration reforms. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes the basic themes of the report. A list of selected references is included. (KH)