The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze for American readers the Chinese high school in Taiwan today, both its historical-philosophical context and its current operational framework. Part 1 of the study, "The Social, Historical, and Cultural Provenance of the Modern Chinese High School in Taiwan," covers methods and models, a history of modern Taiwan, Taiwan's place in Chinese educational history, Taiwan's educational system under the Japanese, Sun Yat-sen's SAN MIN CHU-YI and educational development, John Dewey's influence on Chinese pedagogy, the traditional Chinese examination system, the influence of Confucius, the childhood experience in Taiwan, the growth of literacy, and education as a change agent. Part 2, "Contemporary Issues and the Chinese High School in Taiwan," focuses on the high school, a historical look at Chinese tertiary education, educational reform, the middle school, curriculum and the academic high school, discipline and parental involvement, moral education, teaching methodology for the high school, extracurricular activities, educational expenditures, faculty, facilities, entrance examinations, a statistical analysis of the high schools, a case study, and a review of criticisms, concerns, appraisal and assessment. A five-page bibliography and a list of persons interviewed for the study are appended. (JH)