Some economic variables were examined that affect enlistment decisions and therefore affect the continued success of the All-Volunteer Force. The study used a multiple regression, pooled cross-section/time-series model over the 1975-1982 period, including pay, unemployment, educational benefits, and recruiting resources as independent variables. For high-quality enlistees, defined as those with test scores in the top half of the population or top-scoring individuals who are also high school graduates, a 10 percent increase in military pay raised the supply of enlistees by roughly 10 percent. A 10 percent increase in the unemployment rate (e.g., from 7 to 7.7 percent) increased the number of high-quality enlistees by about 6 percent. Recruiting resources had the expected effects. Army recruiters increased and other services' recruiters reduced Army enlistments. Advertising (both national and local) did not have consistently positive effects. Results were similar for high school graduates, except that the effect of military compensation depended crucially on how it was measured. Estimates of the supply of enlistees of all qualities were weaker still: estimates of compensation effects varied widely, and estimated effects of recruiters and advertising were less plausible. Unemployment effects were smaller than for high-quality recruits but hardly negligible. (YLB)