A total of 330 parents of preschool children were given Wrightsman's Philosophy of Nature Instrument, a measure developed to assess the expectancies people have about others' behavior. The instrument consists of 14 items for each of six subscales assessing trustworthiness, altruism, independence, strength of will, complexity, and variability. Because the combination of the first four subscales has been shown to represent an individual's overall view of the positiveness or negativeness of human nature, the last two subscales were not used. On the basis of their scores, parents were categorized as viewing others as moral, immoral, or amoral. They were then given the Parent Attitude Research Instrument, a measure assessing parental child-rearing attitudes. Demographic data were also obtained. Findings suggested that (1) parents who view humankind as moral tend to be relatively permissive in child-rearing attitudes; (2) parents who view humankind as immoral tend to be relatively authoritarian in their child-rearing attitudes; and (3) parents who view humankind as amoral tend to be relatively moderate in their child-rearing attitudes. (RH)