Since leadership studies tend to deal with powerful public personalities, and since leadership in the U.S. is biased in terms of race, class, and sex privileges, it is not surprising that the contributions of black women leaders go largely unrecognized and that studies on black female leadership are scant and present an incomplete picture. To correct this, more ethnographic studies of communities, church groups, and families are called for, in order to determine how leadership emerges, is exerted, and is taught. Whether it can be taught, indirectly by religious and educational institutions, or directly by special courses, is still being debated. As far as black women are concerned, educational and religious institutions have done little to foster leadership training. It has been the social and church clubs and informal community networks that have been the training grounds for black women leaders. There are obstacles to such leadership training, however: (1) declining participation in the clubs; (2) the negative myth of the black matriarchy; (3) the socialization of black girls away from male-dominated areas such as politics; and (4) the neglect of black women community leaders by public institutions and the media. And finally, although it is debatable whether college extra-curricular activities have played a serious role in the promotion of black women's leadership except for the nurturance provided by women students' clubs and sororities, it seems that the extra-curriculum has become even less responsive to women's leadership potential over the past decade. (CMG)