A literature review of studies on educational computer applications and use revealed that U.S. school districts have incorporated microcomputers into both their instructional and administrative processes. Apple and Radio Shack's TRS-80 microcomputers are the two most popular microcomputers used. Mathematics and language usage are most often reported as the main instructional areas assisted by microcomputers at the elementary level, with computer literacy and programming the major use at the secondary level. Inadequate teacher training remains the consistent primary concern of school districts that use computers for instruction. Availability of quality software was also consistently reported as necessary for successful microcomputer use. Finally, the establishment of a regional clearinghouse or statewide consortia was suggested by several studies to assist school districts in seeking successful, microcomputer-assisted educational programs. The data suggest that the use of microcomputers in education must be compatible with instructional objectives of the school district, but that students must also be prepared to cope with the scientific and technological changes affecting society and the schools. Administrators need to take steps to meet these goals. Ten references are listed. (LMM)