Results of a study which examined the impact of the Lebanese civil war on the ethnic orientation of Armenians in Lebanon are presented. A brief historical overview of the presence of Armenians in Lebanon is given first, focusing on the evolution of Armenian-Arab relations. A theoretical framework is then provided to guide the discussion of the survey data. Pre- and post-civil war surveys of senior high school and university students were conducted. Results showed that the civil war in Lebanon has sensitized the Armenian community to its differentiation from other groups, rigidified its ethnic boundaries, and increased in-group allegiance. However, an overarching sense of Lebanese national identity is maintained. The study shows that ethnic identity is not static but changes over time according to socio-political transformations. (RM)