Papers presented for a conference on school mathematics are compiled in this document. The purpose of the conference was: (1) to identify new goals and needed change for school mathematics; and (2) to recommend strategies or describe scenarios whereby these goals and changes can be realized. The document summarizes the deliberations in 20 papers plus discussion and summary reports. Following a background paper by Romberg, the status of mathematics instruction was discussed by Senese, Willoughby, Pollak, and Romberg. The mathematics curriculum was then explored, with the focus on new goals by Pollak, computers by Braun, statistics by Hunter, and needed changes by Usiskin. In the third section, focusing on learning and teaching, research on learning was described by Siegler and on teaching by Peterson. In the same section, Case discussed implications of cognitive science, Carpenter explored learning as a critical variable in curriculum reform, and Lappan discussed implications of research to mathematics teachers. Work group reports were then summarized, followed by papers on policy implications and impediments. Williams discussed the preparation of teachers, and then various perspectives were presented: Makhmaltchi, on publishers; Jones, on test developers; Barclay, on materials and producers; Hala, on mathematics supervisors; and Gawronski, on school administrators. Several annotated references are included. (MNS)