The guide examines fundamental rights of mentally retarded and developmentally disabled persons. The monograph focuses on some of the central controversies of which consumers, professionals, planners, and advocates concerned with developmental disabilities should be aware. Problems of living and dying, resettlement and confinement, choice and coercion, assertion and passivity are considered. An overview chapter states the central problem in protecting human and legal rights, followed by a more in-depth look at specific court cases. Chapter 3 examines implications for the field of mental retardation of three major cases: Romeo v. Youngberg and the right to minimal training, Rogers v. Mills and the right to refuse treatment, and Rowley v. Hendrick Hudson Central School District and the right to appropriate education. Chapter 4 outlines methods to upgrade the quality of care, safeguard individual rights, and help consumers identify and exercise their rights. The final chapter summarizes themes and topics for further study, noting unsettled questions in such areas as equality, legitmacy, diversity, professionalism, and self determination. (CL)