Underdeveloped land absorbs much of the water which falls during a rainstorm. However, urban development (which results in much of the land being covered by buildings and pavement) increases the extent of impervious land surface over pre-development conditions. This results in greater post-development runoff of the urban stormwater. Urban stormwater is defined as surface runoff, generated by rainfall (and to a lesser extent by snowfall), which enters natural drainage systems like streams and rivers by overland flow or through storm drains. This booklet examines: (1) the nature of urban stormwater; (2) why it should be controlled; (3) control methods (including detention and retention basins); (4) man-made wetlands for stormwater control and wildlife enhancement (considering water quality improvement, wildlife habitat management, and the mosquito problem); and (5) the relation of people and urban wetlands. A list of 10 recommendations to optimize the value of urban stormwater control impoundments for wildlife is included. For example, it is suggested that such impoundments retain rather than detain water and that natural resources personnel be consulted during planning and design stages. A list of references and additional readings is also included. (JN)