The application of programmable automation (PA) offers new opportunities to enhance and streamline manufacturing processes. Five PA technologies are examined in this report: computer-aided design, robots, numerically controlled machine tools, flexible manufacturing systems, and computer-integrated manufacturing. Each technology is in a relatively early stage of development and even earlier stages of application. PA is not likely to generate significant net national unemployment, but its use may exacerbate regional unemployment problems. Due to PA, the white-collar work force will constitute a larger proportion of manufacturing employment. The introduction of PA will create situations that have negative psychological effects on the work force but will tend to have a favorable impact on the physical surroundings of work. PA will reshape instructional services and create new demands for high quality education, training, and retraining programs; career guidance; job counseling; and placement services. PA industries concentrate on software and customer services and are characterized by high levels of interchange between firms. Both industry and government fund a broad range of PA research and development. Successful Federal policy regarding PA must mesh actions in several areas through a multifaceted strategy. (YLB)