Designed for teachers of young children, this document examines war and peace in literature. Chapter I, the introduction, presents a review of research on children's attitudes toward war. Children's literature (especially historical fiction and illustrated works), is described as an effective medium for teaching about occurrences such as the Nazi Holocaust and the Vietnam War. The importance of authenticity in literature is emphasized, such as the need to present children with realistic rather than glorified accounts of war. Chapter II presents a critical evaluation of over 30 books produced in the 1960's and 1970's for children in preschool through grade 4. Many of the works in this annotated bibliography are fiction and narrative biographical accounts dealing with the theme of war and peace or with a setting during a period of war. Plot, theme, and style are analyzed, with recommendations regarding individual and class use. Title, publisher, date, suggested grade level, and annotation are given for each entry. (LH)