The Science Council of Canada conducted a 4-year study on science education to investigate the past and present place of science education in Canadian schools and to develop recommendations for its future direction. This report, which summarizes the comprehensive study, is organized into 6 chapters. Chapter 1 summarizes and highlights the report. Chapter 2 examines why science should be studied, considering science for the informed citizen, for further education, for the world of work, and for personal development. Chapter 3 discusses why human, physical, and political contexts are important to the success of science education. Chapter 4 considers the present directions in science education; science for all students, researching the science curriculum, ministry curriculum guidelines, priorities and effectiveness of teachers, textbooks, and the experiences related to students and classrooms are addressed. Chapter 5 discusses eight ways in which the renewal of Canadian science education can be initiated (such as including technology classes in the secondary school curriculum). Chapter 6 offers 47 recommendations for facilitating the renewal of science education, including those related to curriculum leadership and to human, instructional, external, and research resources. Cost estimates for implementing the recommendations are included in an appendix. (JN)