A study was conducted to identify aspects of the training of male and female Navy recruits at the Recruit Training Command Orlando that might lead to differential military performance. Current data on the military performance of enlisted Navy women recently graduated from recruit training were used to document reports of female-enlisted performance and define suggested problem areas in terms of observable behavior. Problem areas included military appearance, leadership, adaptability, pregnancy and child care, and military customs. Findings of a comparison of recruit training for men and women were that the Navy recruit training curriculum is identical for men and women; the same level of performance is officially required for all recruits; many staff members are unprepared for leading recruits of the opposite sex; and differences in backgrounds of male and female company commanders result in different role models. These recommended changes in recruit training were suggested: a training program for division officers; expanded use of mixed general leadership of companies and divisions; instruction on wearing dress uniforms and grooming for female recruits; and improved technical training on military customs. (A military performance checklist and literature review are appended.) (YLB)