Data from a survey funded by the National Institute of Education involving 3,847 employers were analyzed to examine the relationship between school-provided vocational education and employer-provided on-the-job training. Employers reported that school-provided vocational training was required for 9.5 percent of the jobs studied and "important but not required" for another 37.9 percent. School-provided vocational training seemed complementary with on-the-job training. Jobs that have school-provided vocational training as a prerequisite for hiring offered newly hired workers greater amounts of on-the-job training. A comparison of occupants of the same job at the same firm showed that new hires with relevant school-provided vocational training required about 7 percent less on-the-job training and were significantly more productive than new hires with no training. New hires with a good deal of relevant job experience took less time to train and had higher productivity indexes than those with none. On-the-job training created externalities--social benefits not captured by the trainer or trainee. (Appendixes, amounting to approximately two-thirds of the report, include alternative measures of the impact of occupationally specific training and the Gallup organization's report on survey procedures and the survey instrument.) (YLB)